black



, 2 sheetssheet 2.` JVlBLAGK. PNEUMATIG SPRAYING MACHINE.

(No Model.)

No, 585,503. Patented June 29, 1897..

@MQ/V WTNESSES TH: noRms paens ca, :moro-umm wAsnmn-rou. u. cv

i lUNirnD STATES JOHN BIJACK, OF NELSON, NEW ZEALAND.

PNEUMATIC SPRAYlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 585,503, dated June 29, 1897. Application iled February 12, 1897. Serial No. 623,098x (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN BLACK, general draper, of the city of Nelson, in the Colony of New Zealand, have invented a new and Improved Pneumatic Spraying-Machine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to spraying machines used for spraying fruit-trees, plants, hedges, dro.; and the object is to provide a simple and portable device for this purpose in which the size of the spray may be regulated andin which means is provided whereby a stream may be ejected instead of a spray.

I have here shown the device as adapted to be supported on the back of a person in a manner similar to a knapsaek, but it is obvious that it may be made of larger proportions and supported upon wheels, so that the device may be drawn over the ground. y

I will describe a spraying-machine embodying myinvention and then point out the novel features in the appended claims..

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a rear elevation of a sprayingmachine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a section on the Vline 2 2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is avertical section of a pump employed. Fig. 4L is a longitudinal section of the nozzle and its connection with the tank of the sprayingmachine. Fig. 5 is a rear end view of the body portion of thenozzle. Fig. 6 is a forward end view of the body portion of the noz! zle. Fig. 7 is an inner end view of an inner nozzle. Fig. 8 is a cross-section of the same on the line 8 8 in Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of an inner nozzle employed, a portion of the iiange being broken away to show that the openings through it are pierced obliquely. Fig. 10 is a similar View of a similar nozzle, eX- cept that the piercings are direct. Eig. 11 shows a plug-valve employed; and Fig. 12 is a modification showing a piece of tubing screw-threaded at one end.

The spraying-machine comprises a tank l, here shown as oval incross-section and provided with a detachable yoke 2, preferably of sheet metal wired at t-he edge and designed to engage against the back and over the shoulders of a person carrying the device. Specially-designed straps bind this yoke to the tank, or the straps may be used for carrying the tank without the yoke. Two straps 25 with buckles at each end pass through loops at the lower end of the yoke and reach rather more than half the circumference of the tank, the buckles 3a showing at the back near the top and bottom of the tank. ordinary straps and buckles 4 pass under and around the tank (engaging with the buckles of the shorter straps, so that the tank is securely held by them) and through the loops on the shoulders of yoke. The two ends meet in front and are united by the buckles 4t.

Extended downward in the tank 1 is the pump-cylinder 5, having a screw-cap d at its upper end provided with perforations for the admission of air. Movable in the pump-cylinder 5 is a piston comprising a plate 7, having a central perforated boss, around which is arranged aclamping-ring 8 for clamping atlexible packing material 9-such, for instance, as leatheragainst the plate 7. The clampingring is held in position bya nut 10, screwing onto the lower end of the boss on the plate 7.

Attached to and extended upward from the piston is a piston-.rod 1l. This piston-rod 1l passes through the piston and has a .slight longitudinal movement relatively to said piston, and at its portion passing through the piston the rod 11 is provided with a port or channel 12, through which air may ble admitted to the under side of the piston during the upward movement of the said piston. The said port or channel will be closed on the downward movement of the "piston by means of a valve-plate 13, secured to the rod 1l and adapted to bear upon the upper side of the piston.

Communicating with the lower end of the cylinder 5 is a valve-casing 14, containing a valve l5 and designed to engage on the seat 16 at the lower end of the opening providing communication between the valve-casing and cylinder. The valve 15 maybe moved against the seat by means of a spring 17, arranged in the valve-casing. "From the lower end of the Valve-casing and communicating with the interior thereof a tube 18 extends downward to nearly the bottom of the tank 1.

Mounted to rotate on the upper out-er end A longer pair of IOO of the cylinder 5 is a ring 19, having lugs at one side to which the lower end of an arm is pivoted. To the upper end of the arm 2O one end of the pump-actuating lever 21 is pivoted, and this pump-actuatin g lever 21 has pivotal connection with the upper end of the piston-rod 11. It will be seen by this construction that the free end of the lever 21 may be swung eitherto the right or to the left hand side of the tank, to be operated as occasion may require. From the free end of the lever 21 a rod 22 extends downward and is provided at its lower end with a handpiece 23.

At each side of the pump-cylinder 5 and at the top of the tank 1 is arranged a hollow nipple 24, screw-threaded on its outer side for engagement with a coupling-ring 25,designed to hold the air and liquid tubes in connection with the nipple. I provide two nipples 24, so that the spraying hose may be shifted -to either side of the tank to accommodate the device for right or left hand work.

Then the spraying-hose is in connection with one nipple, the other nipple may be provided with a safety-valve, here shown in the form of a plug 26, and of course the tank may be filled through either one of these nipples.

The air-tube 27 has an annular rim 28, designed to be pressed down upon a packing between it and the upper end of the nipple 24, and to be engaged on its upper side by the inwardlyT extended annular flange of the coupling-ring 25.

Arranged within the air-tube 27 is a liquidtube 29, which extends downward to the bottom of the tank, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1. The tubes 27 and 29 are here shown as curved upward and outward, and the inner or liquid tube extends somewhat beyond the end of the air-tube, so that t-he end of a iiexible hose 30 may be easily or conveniently placed thereon, after which a larger hose 31 for conducting air may have its end passed over the end of the air-tube 27.

I willnow describe the spraying-nozzle used in connection with the hose. This nozzle comprises a body portion 32, having a longitudinal duct 33 for the passage of air and a longitudinal duct 34 for the passage of liquid. The air-duct 33 and the liquid-duct 34 are controlled by means of the plug-valve 34, in which are two ports 35 and 36 and so arranged that when one duct is -fully open the other is almost closed-that is, the ports are arranged to cross each other at a slight acute angle.

Screwing onto the rear end of the body portion 32 is a coupling 37, to which is attached one end of an air-tube 38, having connection with the hose 31 and providing communication with the duct 33, and extended rearward from t-he liquid-duct 34 is a liquid-tube 39, having connection with the liquid-hose 30. Screwing onto the forward end of the body portion 32 is a liquid-discharge nozzle 40, the opening through which converges to a contracted outlet 41, and held within the liquidnozzle is an air-nozzle 42, the out-let of loutlet 41.

which is also contracted and smaller than the The inner end of this air-nozzle 42 has an annular flange 43, provided with ports 44, which are to be placed in communication with the liquid-duct 34. The air-nozzle 42 will be centered and held rigidly in commu* nication with the air-duct 33 through the body portion 32 by means of the interior annular shoulder of the nozzle 40 engaging with the outer surface of the ange 43 and pressing the same against the end of the body portion 32. Of course the flexible hose 30 and 31 will allow the nozzle to be shifted or directed as desired.

In operation the nozzle will be held in one hand of the operator, while the other hand is employed to operate the pump. Upon the downward movement of the piston in the pump the air contained underneath it will be forced through the pipe 18 to the bottom of the tank 1. The air thus forced to the bottom and bubbling up to the surface acts as an agitator of the spraying liquid, and the pressure forces the liquid up through the tube 29 and out through the nozzle 40, and the air under pressure above the liquid will be forced out through the air-tube 27 and in passing through the nozzle 42 will mix with the ejected liquid, forming it into a spray, and as the density of the spray depends upon the amount of air mixed with the liquid it is obvious that the same may be regulated by means of the plug-valve 34, and it is further obvious that the air may be wholly shut off by the same means, so that when used in connection with the inner nozzle 42, Fig. 10, the liquid will be ejected in the form of a stream, if desired.

' For trees with high straggling branches I use inner nozzle, Fig. 10, but for hedges and fruit-trees of reasonable size I use as an inner nozzle that shown in Fig. 9, as by it a finer and more evenly-distributed spray may be produced. In this modiiication there are oblique ports 44 through the liange.

When the spraying liquid is such that constant agitation is not necessary, a piece of tubing 29, Fig. 12, may be passed over the small liquid-tube 29 in the tank and screwed into the annular rim 28 of the tube 27, which is screw-threaded at 47 to receive it.

In operation both of the tubes will then become charged with liquid, and by using the inner nozzle (shown in Fig. 9) a spray or stream may be produced, as desired. By permitting the liquid to escape by the duct 34 a cyclone spray is produced, which gradually lengthens out as the lever 46 of the plug-valve 34aL is brought around from left to right, till finally, the duct 34 being closed and the duct 33 open, the liquid issues in a stream. A still further movement of the lever 46at right anglesl closes both the ducts 34 and 33 and the liquid instantly ceases to flow.

It may thus be seen that although this nozzle is especially designed for my pneumatic sprayer it may with advantage be used inv ICO IIO

connection with other spraying machines, (but of course without the inner tube,) as by it the spray may be thrown to a much greater distance and reach heights which the spray from an ordinary cyclone could not approach. It may also if made of larger size be used in connection with garden and iremens hose.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentl.` A spraying device, comprising a tank for spraying liquid, a pump-cylinder extended into said tank, a pipe extended from the lower end of said cylinder and having a valve-controlled communication with the interior of the cylinder, a piston operating in the cylinder, an operating-lever connected to the piston-rod, a liquid-tube extended through the tank and nearly to the bottom thereof, an air-tube' inclosing the liquid-tube, a nozzle provided with liquid and air ducts, and flexible hose connection between said nozzle and liquid and air tubes, substantially as specified.

2. Aspraying device, comprising a tank for spraying liquid, a yoke attachable to "said tank and adapted for engagement over the shoulders of a person, a pump-cylinder extended into the tank, a pipe extended from the lower end of said cylinder nearly to the bottom of the tank and having a valve-controlled communication with the interior of the cylinder, a piston operating in said cylinder, a piston-rod connected with, but longitudinally movable with relation to the piston, a valve on said rod for controlling a port providing communication between the upper and lower sides of said piston, an actuating-lever having connection with the outer end of said piston-rod, a rod depending from said lever and having a handpiece at its lower end, and an air and liquid ejector nozzle having pipe connections with the interior of the tank, substantially as specified.

3. A spraying device, comprising a tank, a yoke for carrying said tank, a pump-cylinder extended into the tank and having an airinlet at its outer end, a pipe having a valvecontrolled com munication with the interior of said cylinder and extended nearly to the bottom of the tank, a piston operating in said cylinder, a piston-rod extended from said piston, a ring mounted to rotate on the outer end of said cylinder, an arm having pivotal connection with said ring, an actuating-lever having pivotal connection with said arm and also having pivotal connection with the piston- Arod, and an air and liquid ej ecting nozzle having pipe communication with the interior of the tank, substantially as specified.

4. A spraying device, comprising a-tank, a pump for forcing liquid therefrom, a liquidtube extended through said tank and nearly `to the bottom thereof, an air-tube inclosing said liquid-tube and having a clamping-ring for securing said tube to a nipple on the tank, a flexible hose connected at one end to the end of the liquid-tube, a iexible hose connected at one end to the air-tube, and a nozzle having liquid and air ducts communicating respectively with the flexible liquid-hose and flexible air-hose, substantially as specied.

5. A spraying-nozzle, comprising aibody portion having a valve-controlled longitudinal liquid-duct and a valve-controlled longitudinal air-duct,'a tube extended from and having communication with the liquid-duct, a tube extended from and having communication with the air-duct, a liquid-discharge nozzle having a contracted outlet and screwing onto the forward end of the body portion, an air-discharge nozzle having a contracted outlet, and provided at its inner end with anv annular iiange having a port or ports adapted .for communication with the liquid-duct in the body portion, and an annular shoulder formed in the inner side of the liquid-discharge nozzlel for engaging against the flange to hold the air-discharge nozzle against the end of the body portion, substantially as specified.

JOHN BLACK.

Vitnesses: q

WM. BETTAWL, Jr., R. P. GIBBIE. 

